storage
Storage Engines
Data structures and algorithms that power database storage layers.
// concept
Storage engines determine how data is written, indexed, and retrieved from disk. The trade-off is typically between write throughput and read latency.
Key-Value Store
Simple get/put/delete interface backed by a hash map. Foundation of most distributed storage systems.
Append-Only Log
Immutable sequential writes. Fast writes, natural audit trail, basis for event sourcing and WAL.
Write Ahead Log
Log mutations before applying them. Enables crash recovery by replaying the log after restart.
SSTable
Sorted String Table: immutable, sorted key-value file with an index for fast lookups.
LSM Tree
Log-Structured Merge Tree: buffer writes in memory, flush to sorted files, merge in background.